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Security Risks:

Hacking – Hacking is getting onto someone else’s computer illegally; most hacking consists of stealing, deleting data and downloading viruses onto the computer. To hack you have to re-programme the system so you can perform functions that the owner did not use to allow.

Identity Theft – Identity theft is stealing or using someone else’s identity and personal information. This is normally done by hacking or creating false websites so you can steal people’s bank details, name and address and phone numbers. Identity theft over the internet happens all the because a lot of people will happily put all there details on the website before checking it’s a safe and secure site.

Viruses – Viruses are made to corrupt or steal data from another computer, they are normally hidden in files downloaded from the internet or in emails. Viruses are dangerous to the computer by performing actions like closing down anti-virus software and stopping the computer from performing basic actions. Having a virus on a website, it can spread to the computer that everyone that uses the site, not just the computer hosting the website.


Security Protection Mechanisms:

Firewalls - A firewall is part of a network that is made to not let people access something. It will not let network transmissions based on set rules. Hardware and software are the two types of firewalls. Firewalls for hardware can be used as a part of a router and firewalls for software are programs that are used on the computer, like Windows Firewall. Firewalls also help to stop the spread of viruses on the computer.

Passwords – Passwords are a good way to keep your data or information safe, it is important to have a good strong password so people won’t be able to guess it easily. It is good to have a combination of numbers and letters in your password to make it stronger.

SSL – SSL stands for secure socket layer, this will provide communications security over the internet, and SSL encodes the data of network connections above the transport layer and the lower sub-layer of its application layer using a message confirmation code for safety. Websites that use SSL will have a certificate to show that their websites are safe to use. This will make more people want to use the website because they know it’s safe to use.

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User Side Factors:

Download Speed
If the user doesn’t have very good downloading speed, web pages won’t load up as quick and things like videos and pictures will take longer to load.

Browser
Certain browsers will not always support different file types used in websites like flash videos; this can be fixed by either using different browsers, or downloading a flash player.

Cache Memory
This helps to load different website pages that are visited more often than others. If the user visits a lot of pages it is a good idea to configure a higher cache memory capacity which is in the browser settings.

Processor Speed
If the user doesn’t have a very good processor, web pages will take considerably longer to load up and show content due to the amount of calculations made per second. A better processor would make web pages load faster even if they contain images and videos.


Server Side Factors:

Available Bandwidth
Bandwidth determines how much the user can download using their ISP. Having a higher bandwidth you can download more data in the same amount of time. Even if you have a high speed internet and a low bandwidth it will still be restricted to a slow download speed.

Executions to be performed before Page Load
Before the web page is fully loads different parts of the page must be loaded first. Like the head, this hosts the CSS and JavaScript, and then the body. This is why a web page that loads slowly will only display the background and colours at first and it will show the structure. Then followed by the body which holds information.

Number of Hit
The number of hits on a web page is basically the number of requests sent by a user's computer to the server hosting the web page. While it does not tell you the exact number of people using the web page but it does give a rough estimate.

File Types
As I said before certain browsers will not be able to show certain file formats, sometimes there are problems with not being able to view images, videos and audio, this is due to the user. It depends on the server side factor as the web page creator has to choose what file types they use.

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Web 2.0 - Web 2.0 uses JavaScript to upload and download new data from the web server without doing a full page reload; this allows users to continue to use the page by separating communications such as data requests going to the server, and data coming back to the page. Examples of this are the tweet deck on Twitter, which will keep refreshing itself even if the user doesn't refresh the page.

Cloud computing - Hardware and software programs are delivered over a network as a service, they are stored on a network in a different place instead of being stored on the different place instead of being stored on the computer, and this means less memory space is used up on the computer. It also reduces the number of performance actions the computer must execute.

Blogs – They are websites used to share information with other people on the internet, e.g. Posterous, blogger and Facebook. Blogs also use web 2.0 so the feed would refresh automatically.

Online applications – this uses the cloud computing as they are accessed somewhere else and not on the user’s computer. Online applications comprise fully hosted tools that provide great functionality without the need to install anything on your local computer. Examples of this are apps off the Google apps, Microsoft online applications and Apple app store.